Mass Transfer
Positive deviation from Raoult's law means a mixture whose total pressure is

None of these
Less than the sum of the vapour pressure of the components
Less than that computed for ideality
Greater than that computed for ideality

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Mass Transfer
Fenske's equation for determining the minimum number of theoretical stages in distillation column holds good, when the

Mixture (to be separated) shows negative deviation from ideality
Multicomponent distillation is involved
Relative volatility is reasonably constant
Mixture (to be separated) shows positive deviation from ideality

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Mass Transfer
In an operating distillation column, the

Highest temperature is encountered at the top of the column
Vapors and liquids are at their dew point and bubble point respectively
Driving force for the liquid flow is its specific weight
Driving force for the vapor flow is the pressure drop, as the pressure decreases gradually from the bottom to the top of the column

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