Heat Transfer
Out of 100 kcal/second of incident radiant energy on the surface of a thermally transparent body, 300 kcal/second is reflected back. If the transmissivity of the body is 0.25, the emissivity of the surface will be

0.45
0.35
0.85
0.55

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Heat Transfer
Vacuum is generally maintained in the vapour space of an evaporator mainly to

Concentrate heat sensitive materials
Achieve very high concentration of the final product
Facilitate forward feeding in multiple effect evaporation
Get economical temperature difference by using moderate pressure steam

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