Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
All of these
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam

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Theory of Machine
In order to give the primary balance of the reciprocating parts of a multi-cylinder inline engines

The algebraic sum of the primary forces must be equal to zero
The algebraic sum of the couples about any point in the plane of the primary forces must be equal to zero
None of these
Both (A) and (B)

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