Concrete Technology and Design of Concrete Structures
Minimum pitch of transverse reinforcement in a column is

the least lateral dimension of the member
sixteen times the smallest diameter of longitudinal reinforcement bar to be tied
forty-eight times the diameter of transverse reinforcement
lesser of the above three values

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Concrete Technology and Design of Concrete Structures
If the foundations of all the columns of a structure are designed on the total live and dead load basis, then

the settlement of exterior columns will be more than interior columns
there will be no settlement of columns
the settlement of interior columns will be more than exterior columns
there will be no differential settlement

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