The function of a thermopile is to transfer the heat radiation emitted from the object to a voltage output. The output is in the range of tens or hundreds of millivolts. Thermopiles are used to provide an output in response to temperature as part of a temperature measuring device
Buchholz relay is used for protecting transformer against incipient or internal faults. Buchholz relay is a gas-actuated relay installed in oil immersed transformers for protection against all kinds of faults.