Engineering Materials
Machining properties of steel are improved by adding

Sulphur, lead, phosphorous
Silicon, aluminium, titanium
Chromium, nickel
Vanadium, aluminium

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Engineering Materials
Aluminium bronze contains

90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
92.5% aluminium, 4% copper, 2% nickel, and 1.5% Mg
10% aluminium and 90% copper
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe

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Engineering Materials
Malleable cast iron

Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material

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Engineering Materials
Cobalt in steel

Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti corrosion property
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Improves cutting ability and reduce hardenability
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improve corrosion and heat resistant proper ties

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