Surveying
Longitudes are measured from 0° to

180° east or westward
360° eastward
180° westward
180° eastward

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Surveying
Sidereal day

Is slightly shorter than an ordinary solar day
Is divided into the conventional hours, minutes and seconds
All listed here
Is the period of time taken by the earth in making a complete rotation with reference to stars

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Surveying
The error due to eccentricity of inner and outer axes can be eliminated by

double sighting
taking both face observations and taking the mean of the two
reading both verniers and taking the mean of the two
taking mean of several readings distributed over different portions of the graduated circle

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