Electrical Machines
Iron loss in a transformer mainly occurs in

 transformer insulating oil.
 iron made tank of transformer.
 winding of transformer.
 steel core in transformer.

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Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it reduces field structure iron losses
 commutator action is not possible otherwise

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