Spectroscopy
In the past, IR spectra had to be aquired one wavelength at a time, which took a long time. Today quick spectra is due to the

the Fourier Transfer Algorithm allows us to scan all frequencies at once
light is faster today that it used to be
None of these
absence of broad spectrum of wavelenth

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Spectroscopy
Why are rotational transitions of little use to a spectroscopist?

Because the energy required to induce a rotational transition is so small that it cannot be measured
Because rotational transitions are extremely rare
Because, in liquids and solids, spectral lines corresponding to rotational transitions are broadened as the result of molecular collisions and other interactions
All of these

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Spectroscopy
Beer's Law states that

absorbance is proportional to the log of the concentration of the absorbing species
None of these
absorbance is proportional to both the path length and concentration of the absorbing species
absorbance is equal to P0 / P

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Spectroscopy
Why must the voltage supplied to a tungsten lamp be very stable?

All of these
Because if it wasn't, the lamp would bum out
Because amount of energy the lamp emits is proportional to the fourth power of the operating voltage
Because the lamp will only function at a specific voltage

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