Spectroscopy
Why are rotational transitions of little use to a spectroscopist?

Because, in liquids and solids, spectral lines corresponding to rotational transitions are broadened as the result of molecular collisions and other interactions
Because rotational transitions are extremely rare
Because the energy required to induce a rotational transition is so small that it cannot be measured
All of these

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Spectroscopy
Why is it generally preferable to use absorbance as a measure of absorption rather than % transmittance?

Because %T is dependant on the power of the incident radiation
None of these
Because absorbance is proportional to the concentration of the analyte, whereas %T is not
Because %T cannot be measured as accurately as absorbance

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Spectroscopy
Why must the voltage supplied to a tungsten lamp be very stable?

All of these
Because amount of energy the lamp emits is proportional to the fourth power of the operating voltage
Because the lamp will only function at a specific voltage
Because if it wasn't, the lamp would bum out

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