Mass Transfer
In distillation column design, the McCabe-Thiele procedure is inadequate and a Ponchan-Savarit procedure is needed, when

An azeotrope forms
Saturated feed is not used
The latent heat of vaporisation of the more and less volatile components are greatly different
A total condenser is used

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Mass Transfer
In case of a desorber (stripper), the

Temperature always increases
Temperature remains unaffected
Operating line always lies below the equilibrium curve
Operating line always lies above the equilibrium curve

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Mass Transfer
Flash distillation is

Used for multicomponent systems like crude refining
Most useful for handling binary systems
Same as simple distillation
Same as differential distillation

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