Mass Transfer
HETP is numerically equal to HTU, only when the operating line

Lies above the equilibrium line
Lies below the equilibrium line
And equilibrium lines are parallel
Is far from the equilibrium line

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Mass Transfer
When acetone is added in a two layer mixture of methyl isobutyl ketone and water at 30°C, the acetone distributes between the two layers and the composition of the layer follows two solubility curves. For this system,

The distribution curve which is a plot between x (acetone concentration in one phase) and y (acetone concentration in other phase) is analogous to x-y curve used in distillation and absorption termina
As the acetone concentration increases, the solubility curves approach each other
Both the phases become identical at a particular common point on both the solubility curves called the plait point
All of these

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