Applied Mechanics and Graphic Statics
‘ω’ rad/sec is the angular velocity of a crank whose radius is ‘r’. If it makes θ° with inner dead centre and obliquity of the connecting rod ‘l’ is ‘ϕ’, the velocity v of the piston, is given by the equation

ω² (l cos ϕ + r sin ϕ tan θ)
ω² (l sin ϕ + r cos φ tan θ)
ω² (l sin ϕ - r cos θ tan ϕ)
ω (l sin ϕ + r cos ϕ tan θ)

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Applied Mechanics and Graphic Statics
The following statement is one of the laws of Dynamic friction

The force of friction always acts in a direction opposite to that in which a body is moving
For moderate speeds the force of friction remains constant but decreases slightly with the increase of speed
The magnitude of the kinetic friction bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction between two surfaces. The ratio being slightly less than that in the case of limiting friction
All of these

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