Applied Mechanics and Graphic Statics
Newton's law of Collision of elastic bodies states that when two moving bodies collide each other, their velocity of separation

Bears a constant ratio to their velocity of approach
Is equal to the sum of their velocities of approach
Is inversely proportional to their velocity of approach
Is directly proportional to their velocity of approach

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Applied Mechanics and Graphic Statics
‘u₁’ and ‘u₂’ are the velocities of approach of two moving bodies in the same direction and their corresponding velocities of separation are ‘v₁’ and ‘v₂’. As per Newton's law of collision of elastic bodies, the coefficient of restitution (e) is given by

e = u₂ - u₁/v₁ - v₂
e = v₂ - v₁/u₁ - u₂
e = v₁ - v₂/u₂ + u₁
e = v₁ - v₂/u₂ - u₁

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