Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of anti-lock brake system (ABS) is that is

Prevents nose dives during braking and thereby postpones locking of the wheels
Reduces the stopping distance
Minimizes the brake fade
Maintains directional control during braking by preventing the wheels from locking

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The compression ratio in petrol engine is kept less than in Diesel engine because

Higher or equivalent compression ratio in petrol engines is not possible due to pre-ignition
It is just customary to have less compression ratio in petrol engines
Less compression ratio gives better performance
It makes petrol engines lighter

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