Surveying
Theodolite is an instrument used for

tightening the capstan-headed nuts of level tube
measurement of both horizontal and vertical angles
measurement of vertical angles only
measurement of horizontal angles only

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Surveying
For mapping any country

Geodetic triangulation of greatest possible sides and accuracy is carried out
Secondary triangles are further broken into third and fourth order triangles, the points of which are used for detail surveys
Primary triangles are broken down into secondary triangles of somewhat lesser accuracy
All listed here

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