Process Equipment and Plant Design
In actual operation of distillation column, the vapour is not distributed uniformly among the bubble caps, primarily because of the

Lower static submergence
Small downcomer liquid seal
Lower skirt clearance
Liquid gradient on the tray

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a vertical short tube evaporator (Calendria type), the

Liquor is inside the tube while the steam is outside the tube
Area of central downtake is equal to 40 to 100% of total cross-sectional area of the surrounding tube
All of these
Tube dia of 2.5-7.5 cms, tube length of 75-200 cms and cylinderical drum dia of 1-6 metres are normally used

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement about the design of seive plate column and the bubble cap column.

The downcomer design and the residence time in the downcomer is almost same for seive plate and bubble cap columns
Weir height in case of a bubble cap plate ranges from 50 to 150 mm and is higher than the seive plate
Weir length for a bubble cap plate is the same as that for the seive plate
Weir height for a bubble cap plate column is the same as that for a seive plate column

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