Theory of Machine
In a multiple V-belt drive, when a single belt is damaged, it is preferable to change the complete set to

Ensure uniform loading
Reduce vibration
Reduce slip
Ensure proper alignment

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Theory of Machine
In elliptical trammels

Three pairs turning and one pair sliding
All four pairs are turning
Two pairs turning and two pairs sliding
One pair turning and three pairs sliding

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Theory of Machine
Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is

l₁ + l₂ + l₃
(l₁ + l₂ + l₃)/3
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)³ + l₂.(d₁/d₃)³
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)⁴ + l₃.(d₁/d₃)⁴

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