Microprocessor
Cycle stealing mode of DMA operation involves

 While the microprocessor is executing a program an interface circuit takes over control of address, data, control buses when not in use by microprocessor
 DMA controller taking over the address, data and control buses while a block of data is transferred between memory and I/O device
 The DMA control waiting for the microprocessor to finish execution of the program and then takes over the buses
 Data transfer takes place between the I/O device and memory during every alternate clock cycle

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Microprocessor
Program counter in a digital computer

 Counts the numbers of programs run in the machine.
 Points the memory address of the next instruction to be fetched.
 Counts the number of times a subroutine is called.
 Counts the number of times the loops are executed.

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Microprocessor
In a vector interrupt

 the branch address is obtained from a register in the processor.
 the interrupting source supplies the branch information to the processor through an interrupt vector.
 none.
 the branch address is assigned to a fixed location in memory.

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