Surveying
If the length of a chain is found to be short on testing, it can be adjusted by

removing one or more small circular rings
All of these
straightening the links
closing the joints of the rings if opened out

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Surveying
The difference between a level line and a horizontal line is that

level line is a curved line while hori-zontal line is a straight line
horizontal line is normal to plumb line while level line may not be normal to the plumb line
both are same
level line is normal to plumb line while horizontal line may not be normal to plumb line at the tangent point to level line

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