Electrical Machines
No load primary current in a transformer

 lags behind applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã
 leads the applied voltage by exactly 90Â&
 leads the applied voltage somewhat less than 90Ã&
 lags behind applied voltage by exactly 90Â&am

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Electrical Machines
A 3-φ alternator has negligible stator resistance. A short circuit test is conducted on this alternator. At a particular speed, a field current of If1 is required to drive the rated armature current. If the speed of the alternator is reduced to half, the field current required to maintain rated armature current

 Would be equal to If1/2.
  Cannot be predicted due to insufficient data.
 Woud be equal to 2If1.
 Would be equal to If1.

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