RCC Structures Design
If jd is the lever arm and ΣO is the total perimeter of reinforcement of an R.C.C. beam, the bond stress at the section having Q shear force, is

Q/jdƩO
2 × Q/jdƩO
Q/3jdƩO
Q/2jdƩO

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RCC Structures Design
The spacing of transverse reinforcement of column is decided by the following consideration.

Forty-eight times the diameter of transverse reinforcement
All listed here
The least lateral dimension of the column
Sixteen times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal reinforcing rods in the column

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RCC Structures Design
Steel beam theory is used for

Beams if shear exceeds 4 times allowable shear stress
Design of simple steel beams
Steel beams encased in concrete
Doubly reinforced beams ignoring compressive stress in concrete

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