Surveying
If E is the spherical excess and R the radius of the earth, the surface area of the triangle, is

πR²E/180°
πR²E/90°
πR²E/360°
πR²E/270°

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Surveying
The cross hairs in the surveying telescope are placed

midway between eye piece and objec-tive lens
much closer to the objective lens than to the eye piece
much closer to the eye-piece than to the objective lens
anywhere between eye-piece and objective lens

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Surveying
If altitude bubble is provided both on index frame as well as on telescope of a theodolite, then the instrument is levelled with reference toi) altitude bubble on index frameii) altitude bubble on index frame if it is to be used as a leveliii) altitude bubble on telescopeiv) altitude bubble on telescope if it is to be used as a level The correct answer is

both (i) and (iv)
both (ii) and (iii)
only (i)
only (iii)

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