Mass Transfer
Solvent extraction is the terminology applied to the liquid-liquid extraction, which is preferred for the separation of the components of liquids, when

Viscosity of liquid components is very high
One of the liquid components has very high affinity towards the solvent
One of the liquid components is heat sensitive
Extracting solvent is cheaply & abundantly available

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Mass Transfer
Steam distillation is used to

Increase the total pressure of distillation
Avoid thermal decomposition of a component
Increase the efficiency of separation
Reduce the number of plates

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