Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Gradually increasing temperature of flue gases at inlet to chimney for given steam outputs is an indication of

Raising of steam temperature
Fouling of heat transfer surfaces
High calorific value coal being burnt
Higher effectiveness of boiler

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Carbonization of coal is the process of

Pulverizing coal in inert atmosphere
Binding the pulverized coal into briquettes
Heating wood in a limited supply of air at temperatures below 300°C
Strongly heating coal continuously for about 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Boiler H.P. is defined as the

Steam evaporation rate per kg of fuel fired
The evaporation of 15.65 kg of water per hour from and at 100°C into dry saturated steam
Work done by 1 kg of steam at saturation condition
Work done in evaporating 1 kg of steam per hour from and at 100°C into dry saturated steam

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