Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Gradually increasing temperature of flue gases at inlet to chimney for given steam outputs is an indication of

Higher effectiveness of boiler
Raising of steam temperature
Fouling of heat transfer surfaces
High calorific value coal being burnt

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The function of a piston rod is

To guide motion of the piston rod and to prevent it from bending
To convert heat energy of the steam into mechanical work
To exhaust steam from the cylinder at proper moment
To transfer motion from the piston to the cross head

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In forced recirculation type boiler,

Feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace
Water is converted into steam in one pass without any recirculation
Heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum
Water is supplied in drum and through down comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam

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