GETCO Exam Paper (30-11-2008)
In a transformer it is difficult to measure the efficiency by output-input measurement methods because

output is out of phase with respect to input
efficiency of transformer is usually high and hence extremely accurate measurements will be necessary
the output is sinusoidal and hence cannot be measured
losses are abnormally high

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GETCO Exam Paper (30-11-2008)
A buchholz will operate in a transformer whenever there is

saturation of magnetic circuit
any of the above
over load
large internal fault

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