Engineering Materials
Free carbon in iron makes the metal

Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure

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Engineering Materials
White cast iron

Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or creium) in the ladle. Graphite is in nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough and easily machined metal

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