Heat Transfer
For turbulent flow in a tube, the heat transfer co-efficient is obtained from the Dittus-Boelter correlation. If the tube diameter is halved and the flow rate is doubled, then the heat transfer co-efficient will change by a factor of

6.1
1
37
1.74

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Heat Transfer
A process stream of dilute aqueous solution flowing at the rate of10 Kg.s⁻¹ is to be heated. Steam condensate at 95°C is available for heating purpose, also at a rate of 10 Kg.s⁻¹. A 1 - 1 shell and tube heat exchanger is available. The best arrangement is

Counter flow with process stream on shell side
Parallel flow with process stream on tube side
Counter flow with process stream on tube side
Parallel flow with process stream on shell side

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Heat Transfer
A dilute aqueous solution is to be concentrated in an evaporator system. High pressure steam is available. Multiple effect evaporator system is employed, because

Heat transfer co-efficient in a single effect is much lower than that in any effect in a multieffect system
Boiling point elevation in a single effect system is much higher than that in any effect in a multieffect system
Total heat transfer area of all the effects is -less than that in a single effect evaporator system
Total amount of vapor produced per Kg of feed steam in a multiple effect system is much higher than in a single effect

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