Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation by the microorganisms can be detected by adopting the approach of

demonstrating growth in a nitrogen free medium
cultivating the microorganisms in the presence of nitrogen labeled with isotropic nitrogen
measuring15N2 by mass spectrometer
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Microbiology of Soils
The groups of symbiotic bacteria, which have the ability to fix nitrogen

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derive their food and minerals from the legume, and in turn they supply the legume with some or all of its nitrogen
these bacteria are from the genus, Rhizobium
grow together for a mutual benefit is called symbiosis and so these bacteria are called symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen oxidation (nitrification)refers to the

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conversion of ammonium ions into nitrates through the activities of certain bacteria.
changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds
sulfur is oxidized to the sulfate form through Thiobacillus bacteria

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