The total number of the conductor in stranded cable is given by N = 3x2 − 3x + 1 Where x = no. of layer For layer 1 N1 = 3(1)2 − 3(1) + 1 N1 = 1 For layer 2 N2 = 3(2)2 − 3(2) + 1 N2 = 7 In layer 2 no. of conductor = N2 − N1 = 7 − 1 = 6 For layer 3 N3 = 3(3)2 − 3(3) + 1 N3 = 19 In layer 3 no. of conductor = N3 − N2 = 19 − 7 = 12
Galvanized steel conductors do not corrode, and possess high resistance. Hence such Wires are used in telecommunications circuits, earth wires, guard wire, stray wire, etc.
Copper loss is proportional to the square of load current. At half load, load current becomes half as voltage remains the same, so the copper loss will become (1/2)2 i.e 1/4 times of full load copper loss. At full load copper Loss = I2R At half load copper Loss = (I/2)2 × R = I2/4 × R 400 = I2/4 × R I2R = 4 × 400 I2R = Full load copper Loss = 1600 W
As you can see from the below figure in load Z1 is connected with the only current coil. In Load Z2 both current from the current coil (CC) and voltage from voltage coil (PC) are present (Power = V × I). Hence the Wattmeter will read power consumed by Z2.
In electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit ” R/Z”.
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