UV Luminance Spectroscopy
Fluorescence occurs when

a molecule returns to the electronic ground state from an excited triplet state by losing it's excess energy as a photon
a molecule returns to the electronic ground state from an excited singlet state by losing it's excess energy as a photon
a molecule lowers its vibrational energy by losing it's excess energy as a photon
None of these

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UV Luminance Spectroscopy
Why must the radiation source for fluorescence spectrometry be more powerful than for absorption spectroscopy?

To allow for scattering by the sample
Because the sample won't fluoresce if the incident radiation is of low power
None of these
Because the magnitude of the output signal is proportional to the power of the incident radiation

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UV Luminance Spectroscopy
For a molecule to absorb IR, why must the molecule's vibrations cause fluctuations in the dipole moment of the molecule?

All of these
Because a change in dipole moment lowers the energy required for electronic transitions
Because for absorption to occur, the radiation must interact with the electric field caused by changing dipole moment
Because fluctuations in the dipole moment allow the molecule to deform by bending and stretching

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UV Luminance Spectroscopy
Internal conversion is where

None of these
A molecule converts its excess energy to light, and emits a photon
A molecule converts excess electronic energy to vibrational energy
the spin of an excited electron reverses, changing the state of the molecule (from singlet state to triplet state or vice versa)

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