Mass Transfer
Flooding in a vapor-liquid contacting equipment occurs in a tray, when the pressure drop through a tray is __________ the liquid head available in the downcomer.

Less than
Same as
Very much less
More than

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Mass Transfer
If the solubilities of different components (in a liquid-liquid extraction system) increase with rise in temperature, then the temperature above which they dissolve completely is known as the critical solution temperature (CST or consolute temperature). If solubilities increase with decrease in temperature, then CST is the temperature below which they dissolve completely. If a binary system has no critical solution temperature, it implies that

On heating, a vapor phase will appear ; while on cooling, a solid phase will appear
The system comprises of partially mis-cible liquids
The system comprises of miscible liquids
The system comprises of an azeotrope

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Mass Transfer
Entrainer used in azeotropic distillation should

Form a new azeotrope of low relative volatility with one of the constituents of the mixture
Have high viscosity to provide high tray efficiency
Have high latent heat of vaporisation
Form a low boiling azeotrope with one of the constituents of the mixture

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