Engineering Thermodynamics
The distillation carried out in such a way that the liquid with the lowest boiling point is first evaporated and re-condensed, then the liquid with the next higher boiling point is then evaporated and re-condensed, and so on until all the available liquid fuels are separately recovered in the sequence of their boiling points. Such a process is called

Full distillation
Carbonisation
Fractional distillation
Cracking

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Engineering Thermodynamics
Coke is produced

When coal is first dried and then crushed to a fine powder by pulverizing machine
When coal is strongly heated continuously for 42 to 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel
By heating wood with a limited supply of air to a temperature not less than 280°C
From the finely ground coal by moulding under pressure with or without a binding material

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The mass of flue gas per kg of fuel is the ratio of the

Mass of carbon in 1 kg of fuel to the mass of carbon in 1 kg of flue gas
Mass of oxygen in 1 kg of fuel to the mass of oxygen in 1 kg of flue gas
Mass of carbon in 1 kg of flue gas to the mass of carbon in 1 kg of fuel
Mass of oxygen in 1 kg of flue gas to the mass of oxygen in 1 kg of fuel

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