Engineering Thermodynamics
Producer gas is obtained by

Passing steam over incandescent coke
Carbonization of bituminous coal
Passing air and a large amount of steam over waste coal at about 650°C
Partial combustion of coal, coke, anthracite coal or charcoal in a mixed air steam blast

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Engineering Thermodynamics
Work-done during adiabatic expansion is given by (where p1 v1, T1 = Pressure, volume and temperature for the initial condition of gas, p2, v2, T2 = Corresponding values for the final condition of gas, R = Gas constant, and γ = Ratio of specific heats)

[m R (T1 - T2)] /(γ - 1)
[m R T1/(γ - 1)][1 - (p2, v2 /p1 v1)]
All of these
(p1 v1 - p2, v2)/(γ - 1)

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