Mass Transfer
Use of raschig rings in place of crushed stones as packing in packed beds (other things being same)

Decreases pressure drop, decreases surface area
Increases pressure drop, decreases surface area
Decreases pressure drop, increases surface area
Increases pressure drop, increases surface area

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Mass Transfer
Solvent extraction is the terminology applied to the liquid-liquid extraction, which is preferred for the separation of the components of liquids, when

One of the liquid components is heat sensitive
Extracting solvent is cheaply & abundantly available
One of the liquid components has very high affinity towards the solvent
Viscosity of liquid components is very high

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