Mass Transfer
A coalescer in a mixer-settler liquid-liquid extraction coloumn

All of these
Comprises of thin bed of substances of extended surface having high porosity
Helps in increasing the settling rate of the bubbles
Helps in increasing the bubble size entering the settler

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Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion is caused by the

Activation energy of the molecules
Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
Thermal energy of the molecules
Potential energy of the molecules

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Mass Transfer
McCabe-Thiele method

Can use any type of units
Uses molal units for material and energy balance
Uses weight fractions to express liquid and vapour composition
Is more accurate than Ponchan-Savarit method

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