Workshop Technology
Swab is used for

Moistening the sand around the edge before removing pattern
Smoothing and cleaning out depressions in the mould
Reinforcement of sand in the top part of the moulding box
Cleaning the moulding sand

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Workshop Technology
The purpose of a gate is to

Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage
Act as a reservoir for the molten metal
Delivers molten metal into the mould cavity
Delivers molten metal from pouring basin to gate

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Workshop Technology
Piercing is an operation of cutting

A flat sheet to the desired shape
A number of holes evenly spaced in a regular pattern on a sheet of metal
A cylindrical hole in a sheet of metal by the punch and the die
A hole (other than cylindrical) in a sheet of metal by the punch and the die

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