Internal Combustion Engines
Compression ratio of I.C. Engines is

The ratio of volumes of air in cylinder before compression stroke and after compression stroke
Ratio of pressure after compression and before compression
Swept volume/cylinder volume
Volume displaced by piston per stroke and clearance volume in cylinder

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the inlet valve

Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 20° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center
Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 40° after bottom dead center
May open or close anywhere

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