Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Equivalent evaporation of water is the evaporation for a feed water supply at 100°C

Conversion into steam at the same pressure at which feed water is supplied
And its corresponding conversion into dry saturated steam at 100°C and 1.033 kg/cm²
And its corresponding conversion into dry steam at desired boiler pressure
Conversion into steam at atmospheric condition

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In natural circulation type boiler,

Water is converted into steam in one. Pass without any recirculation
Feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace
Water is supplied in drum and through down comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam
Heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The effect of friction on the flow of steam through a nozzle is to

Increase the mass flow rate and to increase the exit temperature
Decrease the mass flow rate and to increase the wetness of steam
Decrease the mass flow rate and to decrease the wetness of steam
Increase the exit temperature without any effect on mass flow rate

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