Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
A vertical rectangular plane surface is submerged in water such that its top and bottom surfaces are 1.5 m and 6.0 m res-pectively below the free surface. The position of center of pressure below the free surface will be at a distance of

4.8 M
4.0 M
4.6 M
4.2 M

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
For laminar flow in a pipe of circular cross-section, the Darcy’s friction factor f is

directly proportional to Reynolds number and independent of pipe wall roughness
inversely proportional to Reynolds number and indpendent of pipe wall roughness
inversely proportional to Reynolds number and directly proportional to pipe wall roughness
directly proportional to pipe wall roughness and independent of Reynolds number

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
According to Bernoulli’s equation for steady ideal fluid flow

velocity and pressure are inversely proportional
principle of conservation of mass holds
the energy is constant along a stream-line but may vary across streamlines
total energy is constant throughout

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
True one-dimensional flow occurs when

the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not change from point to point in the fluid
the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
the direction and magnitude of the veiocity at all points are identical

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