Machine Design
A thin spherical shell of internal diameter d is subjected to an internal pressure p. If σt is the tensile stress for the shell material, then thickness of shell is equal to

pd/2σt
pd/4σt
pd/σt
pd/3σt

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Machine Design
An open belt drive is used when

Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the opposite directions
Driven shaft is to be started or stopped whenever desired without interfering with the driving shaft
Shafts are arranged parallel and rotate in the same directions
Shafts are arranged at right angles and rotate in one definite direction

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