Synchronous Motors
A synchronous motor connected to infinite bus-bars has at constant full load, 100% excitation and unity power factor. On changing the excitation only, the armature current will have

leading power factor with over-excitation
leading power factor with under-excitation
no change of power factor
lagging power factor with over-excitation

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Synchronous Motors
The power factor of a synchronous motor is better than that of induction motor because

synchronous motor has large air gap
synchronous motor runs at synchronous speed
stator supply is relieved of responsibility of producing magnetic field
mechanical load on the motor can be adjusted

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