System Analysis and Design
The black-box concept:

assumes that inputs and outputs will remain stable
None of these
All of these
is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs and outputs, leaving the transformation process a black box.
assumes that the black box is independent

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System Analysis and Design
HIPO

consists of a hierarchy chart and an associated set of input/process/ output charts
None of these
captures the essence of top down decomposition.
All of these
is a forms-driven technique in which standard forms are used to document the information

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