Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A fully saturated soil is said to be

three phase system
two phase system with soil and air
two phase system with soil and water
one phase system

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease
a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase

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