Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a channel of trapezoidal section is maximum when

Width of channel at the top is equal to twice the width at the bottom
The sloping side is equal to the width at the bottom
The sloping side is equal to half the width at the top
Depth of channel is equal to the width at the bottom

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The discharge through a wholly drowned orifice is given by (where H1 = Height of water (on the upstream side) above the top of the orifice, H2 = Height of water (on the downstream side) above the bottom of the orifice, and H = Difference between two water levels on either side of the orifice)

Q = Cd × bH × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH2 × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × bH₁ × √(2gh)
Q = Cd × b (H2 - H1) × √(2gh)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
If a vessel containing liquid moves downward with a constant acceleration equal to ‘g’ then

the pressure in the liquid mass is greater than hydrostatic pressure
None of these
there will be vacuum in the liquid
the pressure throughout the liquid mass is atmospheric

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