Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A floating body is said to be in a state of stable equilibrium

when the metacentre is below the centre of gravity
only when its centre of gravity is below its centre of buoyancy
when the metacentre is above the centre of gravity
when its metacentric height is zero

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The hammer blow in pipes occurs when

The flow of fluid through the pipe is gradually brought to rest by closing of the valve
There is excessive leakage in the pipe
The pipe bursts under high pressure of fluid
The flow of fluid through the pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing of the valve

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