Machine Design
A bolt

Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be joined
Is provided with pointed threads
Has both the ends threaded

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Machine Design
The ends of the leaves of a semi-elliptical leaf spring are made triangular in order to

Obtain variable moment of inertia (I) in each leaf
Make M/I constant throughout the length of the leaf
Have variable bending moment (M) in each leaf
Permit each leaf to act as an overhanging beam

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Machine Design
In cross or regular lay ropes

Wires in two adjacent strands are twisted in opposite direction
Direction of twist of wires and strands are same
Wires are not twisted
Direction of twist of wires in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands

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