Environmental Science
Without the atmospheric greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be:

The same as it is now
Higher than at present
Lower than at present
Much more variable than it is now

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Environmental Science
The order of succession in a lithosere or xerosere is

Moss stage ->Foilose lichen stage-> Crustose lichen stage ->herb stage->shrub stage->forest stage (climax community)
Crustose lichen stage->Foilose lichen stage->moss stage->herb stage>shrub stage->forest stage (climax community)
Foliose lichen stage->Crustose lichen stage->moss stage->herb stage>shrub stage->forest stage (climax community)
Crustose lichen stage->Foilose lichen stage->moss stage-> ->shrub stage-> herb stage->forest stage (climax community)

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