Mubarak Shah was the second ruler of the Sayyid dynasty which ruled the Delhi Sultanate after the fall of the Tughlaq dynasty. He succeeded his father, Khizr Khan to the throne in 1421 CE.
The Vijayanagar empire which was established in southern India in 1336 by two brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I had a well-organized administration. King has the absolute authority in legislative affairs during the Vijayanagar empire.
After the death of Ali Adil Shah II in 1672 CE, Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. This weakened the kingdom and was ultimately annexed by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1686 CE.