Electrical Machines
A dc shunt generator, when commissioned after a major repair of the field system, failed to build Up voltage. It was because

 field winding was wrongly connected
 field system lost residual magnetism
 there was a break in the armature circuit
 field resistance was higher than critical resistance

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Electrical Machines
The introduction of interpoles in between the main poles improves the performance of a dc machine, because

 a counter-emf is induced in the coil undergoing commutation
 the inequality of air-gap flux on the top and bottom halves of the armature is removed
 the flux waveform is improved with reduction in harmonics
 the interpoles produce additional flux to augment the developed torque

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